Carry the same genes at the same locus (location) on homologous chromosomes. Which term describes this pair?

Carry the same genes at the same locus (location) on homologous chromosomes. Which term describes this pair?

• A. Homologous Chromosomes
• B. Sister chromatids
• C. Alleles
• D. Non-homologous chromosomes

Answer: (A)

In diploid organisms, homologous chromosomes are a matched pair that carry the same genes at the same loci, one inherited from each parent. They are similar in size and gene content and align during meiosis, though the specific alleles they carry for those genes can differ. This distinguishes them from sister chromatids, which are identical copies of a single chromosome produced during DNA replication. Alleles are the different versions of a gene, while non-homologous chromosomes are unrelated chromosomes that do not share the same genes at the same positions. So the described pair is homologous chromosomes.

In diploid organisms, homologous chromosomes are a matched pair that carry the same genes at the same loci, one inherited from each parent. They are similar in size and gene content and align during meiosis, though the specific alleles they carry for those genes can differ. This distinguishes them from sister chromatids, which are identical copies of a single chromosome produced during DNA replication. Alleles are the different versions of a gene, while non-homologous chromosomes are unrelated chromosomes that do not share the same genes at the same positions. So the described pair is homologous chromosomes.